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revision 1.9 by joko, Sun Dec 1 22:15:45 2002 UTC revision 1.19 by joko, Tue Feb 18 19:22:11 2003 UTC
# Line 1  Line 1 
1  # $Id$  ## ------------------------------------------------------------------------
2  #  ##
3  # Copyright (c) 2002  Andreas Motl <andreas.motl@ilo.de>  ##    $Id$
4  #  ##
5  # See COPYRIGHT section in pod text below for usage and distribution rights.  ##    Copyright (c) 2002  Andreas Motl <andreas.motl@ilo.de>
6  #  ##
7  ############################################  ##    See COPYRIGHT section in pod text below for usage and distribution rights.
8  #  ##
9  #  $Log$  ## ------------------------------------------------------------------------
10  #  Revision 1.9  2002/12/01 22:15:45  joko  ##
11  #  - sub createDb: moved to handler  ##  $Log$
12  #  ##  Revision 1.19  2003/02/18 19:22:11  joko
13  #  Revision 1.8  2002/11/29 04:48:23  joko  ##  + fixed logging
14  #  + updated pod  ##
15  #  ##  Revision 1.18  2003/01/30 22:12:17  joko
16  #  Revision 1.7  2002/11/17 06:07:18  joko  ##  - removed/refactored old code: ->Data::Storage::Handler::Tangram|DBI
17  #  + creating the handler is easier than proposed first - for now :-)  ##
18  #  + sub testAvailability  ##  Revision 1.17  2003/01/30 21:42:22  joko
19  #  ##  + minor update: renamed method
20  #  Revision 1.6  2002/11/09 01:04:58  joko  ##
21  #  + updated pod  ##  Revision 1.16  2003/01/20 16:52:13  joko
22  #  ##  + now using 'DesignPattern::Object' to create a new 'Data::Storage::Handler::Xyz' on demand - before we did this in a hand-rolled fashion
23  #  Revision 1.5  2002/10/29 19:24:18  joko  ##
24  #  - reduced logging  ##  Revision 1.15  2003/01/19 03:12:59  joko
25  #  + added some pod  ##  + modified header
26  #  ##  - removed pod-documentation - now in 'Storage.pod'
27  #  Revision 1.4  2002/10/27 18:35:07  joko  ##
28  #  + added pod  ##  Revision 1.14  2002/12/19 16:27:59  joko
29  #  ##  - moved 'sub dropDb' to Data::Storage::Handler::DBI
30  #  Revision 1.3  2002/10/25 11:40:37  joko  ##
31  #  + enhanced robustness  ##  Revision 1.13  2002/12/17 21:54:12  joko
32  #  + more logging for debug-levels  ##  + feature when using Tangram:
33  #  + sub dropDb  ##    + what? each object created should delivered with a globally(!?) unique identifier (GUID) besides the native tangram object id (OID)
34  #  ##        + patched Tangram::Storage (jonen)
35  #  Revision 1.2  2002/10/17 00:04:29  joko  ##        + enhanced Data::Storage::Schema::Tangram (joko)
36  #  + sub createDb  ##        + enhanced Data::Storage::Handler::Tangram 'sub getObjectByGuid' (jonen)
37  #  + sub isConnected  ##    + how?
38  #  + bugfixes regarding "deep recursion" stuff  ##        + each concrete (non-abstract) class gets injected with an additional field/property called 'guid' - this is done (dynamically) on schema level
39  #  ##        + this property ('guid') gets filled on object creation/insertion from 'sub Tangram::Storage::_insert' using Data::UUID from CPAN
40  #  Revision 1.1  2002/10/10 03:43:12  cvsjoko  ##        + (as for now) this property can get accessed by calling 'getObjectByGuid' on the already known storage-handle used throughout the application
41  #  + new  ##
42  #  ##  Revision 1.12  2002/12/12 02:50:15  joko
43  ############################################  ##  + this now (unfortunately) needs DBI for some helper functions
44    ##  + TODO: these have to be refactored to another scope! (soon!)
45    ##
46    ##  Revision 1.11  2002/12/11 06:53:19  joko
47    ##  + updated pod
48    ##
49    ##  Revision 1.10  2002/12/07 03:37:23  joko
50    ##  + updated pod
51    ##
52    ##  Revision 1.9  2002/12/01 22:15:45  joko
53    ##  - sub createDb: moved to handler
54    ##
55    ##  Revision 1.8  2002/11/29 04:48:23  joko
56    ##  + updated pod
57    ##
58    ##  Revision 1.7  2002/11/17 06:07:18  joko
59    ##  + creating the handler is easier than proposed first - for now :-)
60    ##  + sub testAvailability
61    ##
62    ##  Revision 1.6  2002/11/09 01:04:58  joko
63    ##  + updated pod
64    ##
65    ##  Revision 1.5  2002/10/29 19:24:18  joko
66    ##  - reduced logging
67    ##  + added some pod
68    ##
69    ##  Revision 1.4  2002/10/27 18:35:07  joko
70    ##  + added pod
71    ##
72    ##  Revision 1.3  2002/10/25 11:40:37  joko
73    ##  + enhanced robustness
74    ##  + more logging for debug-levels
75    ##  + sub dropDb
76    ##
77    ##  Revision 1.2  2002/10/17 00:04:29  joko
78    ##  + sub createDb
79    ##  + sub isConnected
80    ##  + bugfixes regarding "deep recursion" stuff
81    ##
82    ##  Revision 1.1  2002/10/10 03:43:12  cvsjoko
83    ##  + new
84    ## ------------------------------------------------------------------------
85    
86    
87  BEGIN {  BEGIN {
88    $Data::Storage::VERSION = 0.02;    $Data::Storage::VERSION = 0.03;
89  }  }
90    
   
 =head1 NAME  
   
 Data::Storage - Interface for accessing various Storage implementations for Perl in an independent way  
   
   
 =head1 AIMS  
   
   - should encapsulate Tangram, DBI, DBD::CSV and LWP:: to access them in an unordinary (more convenient) way ;)  
   - introduce a generic layered structure, refactor *SUBLAYER*-stuff, make (e.g.) this possible:  
     Perl Data::Storage[DBD::CSV]  ->  Perl LWP::  ->  Internet HTTP/FTP/*  ->  Host Daemon  ->  csv-file  
   - provide generic synchronization mechanisms across arbitrary/multiple storages based on ident/checksum  
     maybe it's possible to have schema-, structural- and semantical modifications synchronized???  
   
   
 =head1 SYNOPSIS  
   
 =head2 BASIC ACCESS  
   
 =head2 ADVANCED ACCESS  
   
   ... via inheritance:  
     
     use Data::Storage;  
     my $proxyObj = new HttpProxy;  
     $proxyObj->{url} = $url;  
     $proxyObj->{payload} = $content;  
     $self->{storage}->insert($proxyObj);  
       
     use Data::Storage;  
     my $proxyObj = HttpProxy->new(  
       url => $url,  
       payload => $content,  
     );  
     $self->{storage}->insert($proxyObj);  
   
   
 =head2 SYNCHRONIZATION  
   
   my $nodemapping = {  
     'LangText' => 'langtexts.csv',  
     'Currency' => 'currencies.csv',  
     'Country'  => 'countries.csv',  
   };  
   
   my $propmapping = {  
     'LangText' => [  
       [ 'source:lcountrykey'  =>  'target:country' ],  
       [ 'source:lkey'         =>  'target:key' ],  
       [ 'source:lvalue'       =>  'target:text' ],  
     ],  
     'Currency' => [  
       [ 'source:ckey'         =>  'target:key' ],  
       [ 'source:cname'        =>  'target:text' ],  
     ],  
     'Country' => [  
       [ 'source:ckey'         =>  'target:key' ],  
       [ 'source:cname'        =>  'target:text' ],  
     ],  
   };  
   
   sub syncResource {  
   
     my $self = shift;  
     my $node_source = shift;  
     my $mode = shift;  
     my $opts = shift;  
       
     $mode ||= '';  
     $opts->{erase} ||= 0;  
       
     $logger->info( __PACKAGE__ . "->syncResource( node_source $node_source mode $mode erase $opts->{erase} )");  
     
     # resolve metadata for syncing requested resource  
     my $node_target = $nodemapping->{$node_source};  
     my $mapping = $propmapping->{$node_source};  
       
     if (!$node_target || !$mapping) {  
       # loggger.... "no target, sorry!"  
       print "error while resolving resource metadata", "\n";  
       return;  
     }  
       
     if ($opts->{erase}) {  
       $self->_erase_all($node_source);  
     }  
     
     # create new sync object  
     my $sync = Data::Transfer::Sync->new(  
       storages => {  
         L => $self->{bizWorks}->{backend},  
         R => $self->{bizWorks}->{resources},  
       },  
       id_authorities        =>  [qw( L ) ],  
       checksum_authorities  =>  [qw( L ) ],  
       write_protected       =>  [qw( R ) ],  
       verbose               =>  1,  
     );  
       
     # sync  
     # todo: filter!?  
     $sync->syncNodes( {  
       direction       =>  $mode,                 # | +PUSH | +PULL | -FULL | +IMPORT | -EXPORT  
       method          =>  'checksum',            # | -timestamp | -manual  
       source          =>  "L:$node_source",  
       source_ident    =>  'storage_method:id',  
       source_exclude  =>  [qw( id cs )],  
       target          =>  "R:$node_target",  
       target_ident    =>  'property:oid',  
       mapping         =>  $mapping,  
     } );  
   
   }  
   
   
 =head2 NOTE  
   
 This module heavily relies on DBI and Tangram, but adds a lot of additional bugs and quirks.  
 Please look at their documentation and/or this code for additional information.  
   
   
 =head1 REQUIREMENTS  
   
   For full functionality:  
     DBI              from CPAN  
     DBD::mysql       from CPAN  
     Tangram 2.04     from CPAN         (hmmm, 2.04 won't do in some cases)  
     Tangram 2.05     from http://...   (2.05 seems okay but there are also additional patches from our side)  
     Class::Tangram   from CPAN  
     DBD::CSV         from CPAN  
     MySQL::Diff      from http://adamspiers.org/computing/mysqldiff/  
     ... and all their dependencies  
   
 =cut  
   
 # The POD text continues at the end of the file.  
   
   
91  package Data::Storage;  package Data::Storage;
92    
93  use strict;  use strict;
94  use warnings;  use warnings;
95    
 use Data::Storage::Locator;  
96  use Data::Dumper;  use Data::Dumper;
97    # FIXME: wipe out!
98    use DBI;
99    
100    use Data::Storage::Locator;
101    use DesignPattern::Object;
102    
103    
104  # TODO: actually implement level (integrate with Log::Dispatch)  # TODO: actually implement level (integrate with Log::Dispatch)
105  my $TRACELEVEL = 0;  my $TRACELEVEL = 0;
# Line 206  sub new { Line 114  sub new {
114    
115    my $arg_locator = shift;    my $arg_locator = shift;
116    my $arg_options = shift;    my $arg_options = shift;
117      #my @args = @_;
118      #@args ||= ();
119    
120      if (!$arg_locator) {
121        $logger->critical( __PACKAGE__ . "->new: No locator passed in!" );
122        return;
123      }
124      
125      #print Dumper($arg_locator);
126    
127    #my $self = { STORAGEHANDLE => undef, @_ };    #my $self = { STORAGEHANDLE => undef, @_ };
128    my $self = { STORAGEHANDLE => undef, locator => $arg_locator, options => $arg_options };    my $self = { STORAGEHANDLE => undef, locator => $arg_locator, options => $arg_options };
129    #$logger->debug( __PACKAGE__ . "[$self->{locator}->{type}]" . "->new(@_)" );    #$logger->debug( __PACKAGE__ . "[$self->{locator}->{type}]" . "->new(@_)" );
130    $logger->debug( __PACKAGE__ . "[$arg_locator->{type}]" . "->new(@_)" );    $logger->debug( __PACKAGE__ . "[$arg_locator->{type}]" . "->new()" );
131    return bless $self, $class;    return bless $self, $class;
132  }  }
133    
# Line 234  sub AUTOLOAD { Line 151  sub AUTOLOAD {
151    
152    # advanced logging of AUTOLOAD calls ...    # advanced logging of AUTOLOAD calls ...
153    # ... nice but do it only when TRACING (TODO) is enabled    # ... nice but do it only when TRACING (TODO) is enabled
     if ($TRACELEVEL) {  
154        my $logstring = "";        my $logstring = "";
155        $logstring .= __PACKAGE__ . "[$self->{locator}->{type}]" . "->" . $method;        $logstring .= __PACKAGE__ . "[$self->{locator}->{type}]" . "->" . $method;
156        #print "count: ", $#_, "\n";        #print "count: ", $#_, "\n";
# Line 244  sub AUTOLOAD { Line 160  sub AUTOLOAD {
160        # TODO: only ok if logstring doesn't contain        # TODO: only ok if logstring doesn't contain
161        #            e.g. "Data::Storage[Tangram]->insert(SystemEvent=HASH(0x5c0034c))          (AUTOLOAD)"        #            e.g. "Data::Storage[Tangram]->insert(SystemEvent=HASH(0x5c0034c))          (AUTOLOAD)"
162        # but that would be _way_ too specific as long as we don't have an abstract handler for this  ;)        # but that would be _way_ too specific as long as we don't have an abstract handler for this  ;)
163        if ($TRACELEVEL) {
164        $logger->debug( $logstring );        $logger->debug( $logstring );
165        #print join('; ', @_);        #print join('; ', @_);
166      }      }
167            
168    # filtering AUTOLOAD calls and first-time-touch of the actual storage impl    # filtering AUTOLOAD calls and first-time-touch of the actual storage impl
169    if ($self->_filter_AUTOLOAD($method)) {    if ($self->_filter_AUTOLOAD($method)) {
170      #print "_accessStorage\n";      #print "=== FILTER!", "\n";
171      $self->_accessStorage();      $self->_accessStorageHandle();
172      $self->{STORAGEHANDLE}->$method(@_);      if ($self->{STORAGEHANDLE}) {
173          return $self->{STORAGEHANDLE}->$method(@_);
174        } else {
175          $logger->critical( __PACKAGE__ . "->AUTOLOAD: ERROR: " . $logstring );
176          return;
177        }
178    }    }
179        
180  }  }
# Line 269  sub _filter_AUTOLOAD { Line 191  sub _filter_AUTOLOAD {
191  }  }
192    
193    
194  sub normalizeArgs {  sub _accessStorageHandle {
   my %args = @_;  
   if (!$args{dsn} && $args{meta}{dsn}) {  
     $args{dsn} = $args{meta}{dsn};  
   }  
   my @result = %args;  
   return @result;  
 }  
   
 sub _accessStorage {  
195    my $self = shift;    my $self = shift;
196    # TODO: to some tracelevel!    # TODO: to some tracelevel!
197      #print "=========== _accessStorage", "\n";
198    if ($TRACELEVEL) {    if ($TRACELEVEL) {
199      $logger->debug( __PACKAGE__ .  "[$self->{locator}->{type}]" . "->_accessStorage()" );      $logger->debug( __PACKAGE__ .  "[$self->{locator}->{type}]" . "->_accessStorageHandle()" );
200    }    }
201    if (!$self->{STORAGEHANDLE}) {    if (!$self->{STORAGEHANDLE}) {
202      $self->_createStorageHandle();      return $self->_createStorageHandle();
203    }    }
204  }  }
205    
206    sub _createStorageHandle1 {
207      my $self = shift;
208      my $type = $self->{locator}->{type};
209      $logger->debug( __PACKAGE__ .  "[$type]" . "->_createStorageHandle()" );
210    
211      my $pkg = "Data::Storage::Handler::" . $type . "";
212      
213      # try to load perl module at runtime
214      my $evalstr = "use $pkg;";
215      eval($evalstr);
216      if ($@) {
217        $logger->error( __PACKAGE__ .  "[$type]" . "->_createStorageHandle(): $@" );
218        return;
219      }
220      
221      # build up some additional arguments to pass on
222      #my @args = %{$self->{locator}};
223      my @args = ();
224    
225      # - create new storage handle object
226      # - propagate arguments to handler
227      # - pass locator by reference to be able to store status- or meta-information in it
228      $self->{STORAGEHANDLE} = $pkg->new( locator => $self->{locator}, @args );
229    
230    }
231    
232  sub _createStorageHandle {  sub _createStorageHandle {
233    my $self = shift;    my $self = shift;
234    my $type = $self->{locator}->{type};    my $type = $self->{locator}->{type};
235    $logger->debug( __PACKAGE__ .  "[$type]" . "->_createStorageHandle()" );    $logger->debug( __PACKAGE__ .  "[$type]" . "->_createStorageHandle()" );
236    
237    #print Dumper($self);
238    #exit;
239    
240    my $pkg = "Data::Storage::Handler::" . $type . "";    my $pkg = "Data::Storage::Handler::" . $type . "";
241        
242    # try to load perl module at runtime    # try to load perl module at runtime
243    =pod
244    my $evalstr = "use $pkg;";    my $evalstr = "use $pkg;";
245    eval($evalstr);    eval($evalstr);
246    if ($@) {    if ($@) {
# Line 312  sub _createStorageHandle { Line 256  sub _createStorageHandle {
256    # - propagate arguments to handler    # - propagate arguments to handler
257    # - pass locator by reference to be able to store status- or meta-information in it    # - pass locator by reference to be able to store status- or meta-information in it
258    $self->{STORAGEHANDLE} = $pkg->new( locator => $self->{locator}, @args );    $self->{STORAGEHANDLE} = $pkg->new( locator => $self->{locator}, @args );
259    =cut
260    
261      $self->{STORAGEHANDLE} = DesignPattern::Object->fromPackage( $pkg, locator => $self->{locator} );
262      return 1;
263    
264  }  }
265    
# Line 350  sub removeLogDispatchHandler { Line 298  sub removeLogDispatchHandler {
298    $logger->remove($name);    $logger->remove($name);
299  }  }
300    
 sub getDbName {  
   my $self = shift;  
   my $dsn = $self->{locator}->{dbi}->{dsn};  
   $dsn =~ m/database=(.+?);/;  
   my $database_name = $1;  
   return $database_name;  
 }  
   
 sub testDsn {  
   my $self = shift;  
   my $dsn = $self->{locator}->{dbi}->{dsn};  
   my $result;  
   if ( my $dbh = DBI->connect($dsn, '', '', {  
                                                       PrintError => 0,  
                                                       } ) ) {  
       
     # TODO: REVIEW  
     $dbh->disconnect();  
       
     return 1;  
   } else {  
     $logger->warning( __PACKAGE__ .  "[$self->{locator}->{type}]" . "->testDsn(): " . "DBI-error: " . $DBI::errstr );  
   }  
 }  
   
 sub testAvailability {  
   my $self = shift;  
   my $status = $self->testDsn();  
   $self->{locator}->{status}->{available} = $status;  
   return $status;  
 }  
   
   
 sub dropDb {  
   my $self = shift;  
   my $dsn = $self->{locator}->{dbi}->{dsn};  
   
   $logger->debug( __PACKAGE__ .  "->dropDb( dsn $dsn )" );  
   
   $dsn =~ s/database=(.+?);//;  
   my $database_name = $1;  
   
   my $ok;  
     
   if ( my $dbh = DBI->connect($dsn, '', '', {  
                                                       PrintError => 0,  
                                                       } ) ) {  
     if ($database_name) {  
       if ($dbh->do("DROP DATABASE $database_name;")) {  
         $ok = 1;  
       }  
     }  
   
     $dbh->disconnect();  
   
   }  
     
   return $ok;  
 }  
   
 sub isConnected {  
   my $self = shift;  
   return 1 if $self->{STORAGEHANDLE};  
 }  
301    
302  1;  1;
303  __END__  __END__
   
   
 =head1 DESCRIPTION  
   
 Data::Storage is a module for accessing various "data structures" stored inside  
 various "data containers". It sits on top of DBI and/or Tangram.  
   
   
 =head1 AUTHORS / COPYRIGHT  
   
 The Data::Storage module is Copyright (c) 2002 Andreas Motl.  
 All rights reserved.  
   
 You may distribute it under the terms of either the GNU General Public  
 License or the Artistic License, as specified in the Perl README file.  
   
   
 =head1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS  
   
 Larry Wall for Perl, Tim Bunce for DBI, Jean-Louis Leroy for Tangram and Set::Object,  
 Sam Vilain for Class::Tangram, Jochen Wiedmann and Jeff Zucker for DBD::CSV and related,  
 Adam Spiers for MySQL::Diff and all contributors.  
   
   
 =head1 SUPPORT / WARRANTY  
   
 Data::Storage is free software. IT COMES WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND.  
   
   
 =head1 TODO  
   
   
 =head2 BUGS  
   
 "DBI-Error [Tangram]: DBD::mysql::st execute failed: Unknown column 't1.requestdump' in 'field list'"  
   
   ... occours when operating on object-attributes not introduced yet:  
   this should be detected and appended/replaced through:  
   "Schema-Error detected, maybe (just) an inconsistency.  
   Please check if your declaration in schema-module "a" matches structure in database "b" or try to run"  
   db_setup.pl --dbkey=import --action=deploy  
   
   
 Compare schema (structure diff) with database ...  
   
   ... when issuing "db_setup.pl --dbkey=import --action=deploy"  
   on a database with an already deployed schema, use an additional "--update" then  
   to lift the schema inside the database to the current declared schema.  
   You will have to approve removals and changes on field-level while  
   new objects and new fields are introduced silently without any interaction needed.  
   In future versions there may be additional options to control silent processing of  
   removals and changes.  
   See this CRUD-table applying to the actions occouring on Classes and Class variables when deploying schemas,  
   don't mix this up with CRUD-actions on Objects, these are already handled by (e.g.) Tangram itself.  
   Classes:  
     C create    ->  yes, handled automatically  
     R retrieve  ->  no, not subject of this aspect since it is about deployment only  
     U update    ->  yes, automatically for Class meta-attributes, yes/no for Class variables (look at the rules down here)  
     D delete    ->  yes, just by user-interaction  
   Class variables:  
     C create    ->  yes, handled automatically  
     R retrieve  ->  no, not subject of this aspect since it is about deployment only  
     U update    ->  yes, just by user-interaction; maybe automatically if it can be determined that data wouldn't be lost  
     D delete    ->  yes, just by user-interaction  
     
   It's all about not to be able to loose data simply while this is in pre-alpha stage.  
   And loosing data by being able to modify and redeploy schemas easily is definitely quite easy.  
     
   As we can see, creations of Classes and new Class variables is handled  
   automatically and this is believed to be the most common case under normal circumstances.  
   
   
 =head2 FEATURES  
   
   - Get this stuff together with UML (Unified Modeling Language) and/or standards from ODMG.  
   - Make it possible to load/save schemas in XMI (XML Metadata Interchange),  
     which seems to be most commonly used today, perhaps handle objects with OIFML.  
     Integrate/bundle this with a web-/html-based UML modeling tool or  
     some other interesting stuff like the "Co-operative UML Editor" from Uni Darmstadt. (web-/java-based)  
   - Enable Round Trip Engineering. Keep code and diagrams in sync. Don't annoy/bother the programmers.  
   - Add support for some more handlers/locators to be able to  
      access the following standards/protocols/interfaces/programs/apis transparently:  
     +  DBD::CSV (via Data::Storage::Handler::DBI)  
    (-) Text::CSV, XML::CSV, XML::Excel  
     -  MAPI  
     -  LDAP  
     -  DAV (look at PerlDAV: http://www.webdav.org/perldav/)  
     -  Mbox (use formail for seperating/splitting entries/nodes)  
     -  Cyrus (cyrdeliver - what about cyrretrieve (export)???)  
     -  use File::DiffTree, use File::Compare  
     -  Hibernate  
     -  "Win32::UserAccountDb"  
     -  "*nix::UserAccountDb"  
     -  .wab - files (Windows Address Book)  
     -  .pst - files (Outlook Post Storage?)  
     -  XML (e.g. via XML::Simple?)  
   - Move to t3, look at InCASE  
   
   
 =head3 LINKS / REFERENCES  
   
   Specs:  
     UML 1.3 Spec: http://cgi.omg.org/cgi-bin/doc?ad/99-06-08.pdf  
     XMI 1.1 Spec: http://cgi.omg.org/cgi-bin/doc?ad/99-10-02.pdf  
     XMI 2.0 Spec: http://cgi.omg.org/docs/ad/01-06-12.pdf  
     ODMG: http://odmg.org/  
     OIFML: http://odmg.org/library/readingroom/oifml.pdf  
   
   CASE Tools:  
     Rational Rose (commercial): http://www.rational.com/products/rose/  
     Together (commercial): http://www.oi.com/products/controlcenter/index.jsp  
     InCASE - Tangram-based Universal Object Editor  
     Sybase PowerDesigner: http://www.sybase.com/powerdesigner  
     
   UML Editors:  
     Fujaba (free, university): http://www.fujaba.de/  
     ArgoUML (free): http://argouml.tigris.org/  
     Poseidon (commercial): http://www.gentleware.com/products/poseidonDE.php3  
     Co-operative UML Editor (research): http://www.darmstadt.gmd.de/concert/activities/internal/umledit.html  
     Metamill (commercial): http://www.metamill.com/  
     Violet (university, research, education): http://www.horstmann.com/violet/  
     PyUt (free): http://pyut.sourceforge.net/  
     (Dia (free): http://www.lysator.liu.se/~alla/dia/)  
     UMLet (free, university): http://www.swt.tuwien.ac.at/umlet/index.html  
     Voodoo (free): http://voodoo.sourceforge.net/  
     Umbrello UML Modeller: http://uml.sourceforge.net/  
   
   UML Tools:  
     http://www.objectsbydesign.com/tools/umltools_byPrice.html  
   
   Further readings:  
     http://www.google.com/search?q=web+based+uml+editor&hl=en&lr=&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&start=10&sa=N  
     http://www.fernuni-hagen.de/DVT/Aktuelles/01FHHeidelberg.pdf  
     http://www.enhyper.com/src/documentation/  
     http://cis.cs.tu-berlin.de/Dokumente/Diplomarbeiten/2001/skinner.pdf  
     http://citeseer.nj.nec.com/vilain00diagrammatic.html  
     http://archive.devx.com/uml/articles/Smith01/Smith01-3.asp  
   
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